Water pollution is an issue of great concern worldwide, and it can be broadly divided. Since then, there have been a number of reports that aquatic plants such as water hyacinth, duckweed and water velvet. The soil is agitated in a purifying water solution containing interface active agent, then separated from the oils. The work concludes that algal bioremediation is a viable alternate technology for treating wastewater in an economical and sustainable way when compared to conventional treatment processes.
The process also reduces the stench from raw sewage. Bioremediation of polluted waters using microorganisms intechopen. Feb 02, 20 sewage treatment is the process of removing contaminants from wastewater and household sewage, both runoff effluents, domestic, commercial and institutional. The performance of isolated designed consortia comprising bacillus pumilus, brevibacterium sp, and pseudomonas aeruginosa for the treatment of sewage wastewater in terms of reduction in cod chemical oxygen demand, bod biochemical oxygen demand mlss mixed liquor suspended solids, and tss total suspended solids was studied. Rivers are one of the most important resources for fresh water and are severely affected by pollution sources. Bioremediation of sewage water using microorganisms. Bioremediation of sewage wastewater using selective algae for manure 575 had grown on sewage water in wsps under controlled conditions. Bioremediation of sewage wastewater using selective algae for. Recently, water pollution is main problem because of uncontrolled urbanization which is due to sewage effluent disposed into water bodies and leads to the adverse effect on living organism tamil selvi et al. The quantity and quality of waste generated and discharged into natural water bodies is a topic of serious concern. Remediate means to solve a problem and bioremediate means to use biological organisms to solve an environmental problem such as contaminated soil or groundwater. Anaerobic remediation is a specialized form requiring advanced techniques and precise monitoring.
Tn and tp concentrations, water samples were taken at the 3rd, 7th, and 15th days after duckweed inoculation. Bioremediation strategies are often more beneficial than traditional strategies because it can be implemented in situ directly at the site of the contaminant with no need to transport the contaminated material. Introduction to in situ bioremediation of groundwater. Waste water bioremediation inthe pulp and paper industry. Extensive research on using plants for treating radionuclide contamination was conducted in russia in the early 1960s. Hindu college, nagercoil, tamil nadu, india key words. Vidali encyclopedia of life support systems eolss recent years has led to international efforts to remedy many of these sites, either as a response to the risk of adverse health or environmental effects caused by contamination or to enable the site to be redeveloped for use. Application of bioremediation process for wastewater. The treatment of sewage water is a critical process to assure the purification of wastewater that will prevent chemical and microbiological pollution of the environment, especially for the drinking water supplies.
The annual wastewater treatment cost to remove n,p is 26x lower and to remove cr, cd is 7x lower than conventional treatment processes. Bioremediation used to alleviate surface water pollution. Bioremediation using microorganisms shows great potential for future development due to its environmental compatibility and possible costeffectiveness. Indian journal of biotechnology vol 2, july 2003, pp 444450 waste water bioremediation inthe pulp and paper industry l christov of microbiology, biochemistry and food science. At the experimental stage, bioremediation alone has been able to turn contaminated soil into soil. Pdf biodegradation of sewage wastewater using autochthonous. Population rise coupled with urbanization and industrialization has resulted in over exploitation of ground water resources and lowering of the water table in many areas.
Here additional microorganisms are added to the process to remove the majority of wastewater pollutants. Bioremediation, contaminants, monitoring and saturation received 16 march 2011. A fungal isolate aspergillus terreus, aspergillus niger, rhizopus nigricans and cunninghamella sp. The aquatic plants were used in the first stage of remediation by varying height of culture 515 cm, length of remediation 38 days and type of plants water hyacinth and water lily. High concentrations of contaminants roughly 5% or more. The industries are very much interested on initiating a method that can be cheap and can provide a, longterm, sustainable solution for treatment of waste water and sewage treatment. Bioremediation stimulates the growth of certain microbes that use contaminants as a source of food and energy. Usually algae is used for the process of bioremediation and waste water and for sewage treatment. Sources include the mining and smelting of ores, effluent from storage batteries. Domestic wastewater treatment has become a remarkable aquatic. Bioremediation stimulates the growth of certain microbes that use contaminants as a source of food and.
The use of microorganisms mainly bacteria for bioremediation or transform hazardous contaminants is not a new idea because they have been used since 600 b. Biodiversity of duckweeds in eastern china and their. Microbial activity was enhanced by the addition of water th rough an irrigation system comprising five semipermeable hoses extending the cell length and powered by an external fresh water supply. Photoautotrophic microorganisms and bioremediation of industrial. Low cost wastewater bioremediation technology 1st edition. Biodegradation of sewage wastewater using autochthonous bacteria.
Factors and treatment crc press book this title includes a number of open access chapters. There has been evidence that compost piles existed as far back as 6000 bc, and in 1891 the first biological sewage treatment plant was created in sussex, uk. Pdf on nov 16, 20, devarakonda srinivasa rao and others published bioremediation of sewage using specific consortium of. The resulting mixture is formed into a static pile or placed in a bermed. Pdf the use of microalgae in bioremediation of the textile. The availability of clean water is at stake when the modern agricultural. As shown in figure 2, the original concentrations of tn in influent and effluent water from local municipal sewage plant, after filtering, are 21 mgl and 11mgl, respectively. The technology makes use of the metabolic potential of microorganisms to clean up contaminated environments 19. Innovative in situ technologies permit biological treatment of contaminated water by means of. The first stage of water treatment is the physical treatment. Sewage water stabilization ponds, lagoons, can provide an appropriate solution for wastewater treatment in developing countries and rural areas. Apart from this, the conventional wastewater treatment processes that oxidize organic matter present in the effluent are not efficient in removing. The results showed that the bioremediation by the consortium of bacillus subtilis, nitrosomonas, bacillus circulans and bacillus pumilus k3 are effective in lowering the levels of domestic wastewater bod 67.
Bioremediation of polluted waters using microorganisms. Principles of design and operations of wastewater treatment. The idea that plants can be used for environmental remediation is not new. Bioremediation, domestic waste water, bod, cod, tss introduction1. After that, bioremediation is started to efficiently clean the soil. Bioremediation of sewage wastewater using selective algae.
Pdf the use of microalgae in bioremediation of the. You may need a pdf reader to view some of the files on this page. Different species of microorganisms are used to remove the various contaminates and these supplement the existing natural ones. Bioremediation is a process used to treat contaminated media, including water, soil and subsurface material, by altering environmental conditions to stimulate growth of microorganisms and degrade the target pollutants. May 26, 2016 the term bioremediation has been introduced to describe the process of using biological agents to remove toxic waste from environment. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf biodegradation of sewage wastewater using autochthonous bacteria article pdf available in the scientific world journal 20125. Bioremediation of domestic wastewater and production of. Aug 03, 2016 introduction bioremediation is the use of living organisms, primarily microorganisms, for the degradation of hazardous chemicals in soil sediments, water, or other contaminated materials into less toxic forms microorganisms metabolize the chemicals to produce carbon dioxide or methane, water and biomass enzymatically transformed to metabolites. European research has investigated the possibility of using naturally occurring microbes to biodecontaminate groundwater, a source of organic solvent pollutants in surface water. Innovative treatment of sulfate and metalrich wastewater. Bioremediation and wastewater treatment l38 flashcards. Several techniques have been proposed for efficient wastewater treatment, most of them presenting some limitations, such as poor capacity, the.
Bioremediation of sewage wastewater using selective algae for manure 577 has given 20% better results in terms of phycoremediation as well as biomass production. Bioremediation is a treatment technology that uses biodegradation of organic and metallic contaminants through stimulation of indigenous microbial populations by providing certain amendments, such as adding oxygen, limiting. Bioremediation potential of bacterial isolates for municipal. Waste water treatment and bioremediation is a cost effective process due to significant time and planning needed for successful treatment. In situ bioremediation of groundwater has become one of the most widely used technologies for contaminated site treatment because of its relatively low cost, adaptability to site specific conditions, and efficacy when properly implemented. Purchase low cost wastewater bioremediation technology 1st edition. The method of sewage treatment fall into two groups, mainly. Bioremediation of lead by leadresistant microorganisms. Choudhary2 1 international institute for environmental management and research, a7 in toran garden, a. Tosssm is a twostage solid phase bioremediation technology that involves both anaerobic and aerobic treatment stages. Jul 30, 2014 bioremediation, fungal remediation, xeriscaping, native plants, mycoremediation, native habitat restoration, water conservation, environmental. In this study, the resulting dry algal biomass typically contained 2.
Anaerobic is the absence or reduction of oxygen in water or soil. The domestic wastewater samples used in this study were collected from sewage wastewater treatment plant bopodi from pune city. The objective of the study is that sewage may be stabilized in drains thereby giving relief to the citizens from exposure of obnoxious harmful gases and unhygienic situations which prevail in the vicinity of open drains, and to reduce concentration of water polluting parameters like biochemical oxygen demand. Bioremediation is the most effective management tool to manage the polluted water and recover contaminated waste water. In simple terms, bioremediation is a system of sewage treatment where microbes are used to degrade flowing sewage into carbon dioxide and water. In many cases, bioremediation is less expensive and more sustainable than other remediation alternatives. This bioremediation form is uncommon, except in heavy metal conditions such as mitigating sites polluted by polychlorinated biphenyls or trichloroethylene. Eighteenth international water technology conference, iwtc18 sharm elsheikh, 1214 march 2015 483 insitu biological water treatment technologies for environmental remediation. In bioremediation by microorganisms typically employing one type of organism or a consortium of microorganisms, high toxic chemicals are converted into less toxic chemicals by biological means 18.
Wastewater treatment pond systems for plant operators, engineers, and managers. However wastewater bioremediation to reuse as drinking water is a relatively new concept. Bioremediation can be defined as the ability of certain biomolecules or types of biomass to bind and concentrate selected ions or other molecules present in aqueous solutions. Due to such problems the main global agenda is environmental management, treatment and disposal, wastes recycling, pollution. Using advanced technology it is now possible to reuse sewage effluent for drinking water, although singapore is the only country to implement such technology on a production scale in its. How microbes can clean polluted water, from drains to rivers. In the first stage, explosivescontaminated soil is combined with a carbon source, an inoculum, vitamins and water to achieve anaerobic conditions. Bioremediation is the use of living organisms for the recovery or cleaning up of a contaminated medium such as soil, sediment, air, or water. Bioremediation of wastewater using microalgae request pdf. Response of microalgae on the waste was measured by analyzing the growth by taking optical density of waste water at different times. The frequency and amount of water application were determine d by weekly soil moisture measurements. Bioremediation is the term applied to technologies that accelerate natural processes for degrading or detoxifying harmful chemicals in soil, ground water and waste water.
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